Principles of Inheritance and Variation – CBSE Notes for Class 12 Biology CBSE Notes Biology Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance: 1. Genetics is the branch of biology, which deals with inheritance and variation of characters from parents to offspring. 2. Inheritance is the process by which characters or traits are transferred from one generation to the…
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Reproductive Health – CBSE Notes for Class 12 Biology Reproductive Health Problems and Strategies: 1. Reproductive health simply refers to healthy reproductive organs with normal functions. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), reproductive health means a total well-being in all aspects of reproduction, i.e. physical, emotional, behavioural and social. 2. The improved reproductive health…
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Human Reproduction – CBSE Notes for Class 12 Biology CBSE Notes Biology 1. Humans are sexually reproducing and viviparous organisms. There are remarkable differences between the reproductive events and systems in male and female. 2. Male reproductive system includes a pair of testes, accessory ducts, glands and the external genitalia. (i) Testes are located outside…
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Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants – CBSE Notes for Class 12 Biology Sexual reproduction is the process of fusion of haploid gametes, resulting in the production of a diploid zygote, which ultimately develops into a new organism. All flowering plants show sexual reproduction. 1. Flowers are the site of sexual reproduction in flowering plants.…
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Reproduction in Organisms – CBSE Notes for Class 12 Biology Reproduction: 1. The period between birth and natural death of an organism is called its lifespan. It can vary from less than a day to more than 400 yrs. Whatever be the lifespan, death of every individual organism is a certainty, i. e. no individual…
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CBSE Class 12 Biology Notes Chapter-wise Biology Notes For Class 12 Chapter 1 Reproduction in Organism Class 12 Notes Chapter 2 Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Class 12 Notes Chapter 3 Human Reproduction Class 12 Notes Chapter 4 Reproductive Health Class 12 Notes Chapter 5 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Class 12 Notes Chapter 6…
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Cash Flow Statement – CBSE Notes for Class 12 Accountancy CBSE Notes Accountancy 1. Cash Flow Statement Cash flow statement is a statement showing the changes in financial position of a business concern during different intervals of time in terms of cash and cash equivalents. The Revised Accounting Standard-3 has made it mandatory for all…
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Accounting Ratios – CBSE Notes for Class 12 Accountancy Topic 1: Introduction 1. Ratio It is an arithmetical expression of relationship between two related or interdependent items. 2. Accounting Ratios It is a mathematical expression that shows the relationship between various items or groups of items shown in financial statements. When ratios are calculated on…
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Analysis of Financial Statements – CBSE Notes for Class 12 Accountancy CBSE Notes Accountancy 1. Financial Statement Analysis It is the systematic numerical representation of the relationship of one financial fact with the other to measure the profitability, operational efficiency, solvency and the growth potential of the business. 2. Types of Financial Statement Analysis (i)…
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Financial Statements of a Company – CBSE Notes for Class 12 Accountancy 1. Financial Statements The statements which are prepared to ascertain the profit earned or loss suffered and position of assets and liabilities at a particular date are known as financial statements. These are the final product of accounting process. A set of financial…
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